The United States released its latest national AI policy in May 2023, i.e., the National AI Research and Development Strategic Plan: 2023 Update. This is the second version updated after 2016. This series of strategies is also the core theme of the overall US AI policy. In the past, many detailed industry policies and practices have been derived under this framework, such as the "National AI Security Final Report," "US Innovation and Competition Act," and the "CHIPS and Science Act."
The "National AI Research and Development Strategic Plan" mainly elaborates on current R&D challenges in the field of AI, and uses this as the basis for planning subsequent resource investment by the US government, thereby ensuring that the US continues to maintain its leading position in the development and application of Trustworthy AI systems. The “National AI Research and Development Strategic Plan: 2023 Update” mainly continues the strategic planning in the first version in 2016 and the 2019 update. In addition to continuing to supplement the eight strategic plans proposed in the past, a ninth strategic plan was added to the 2023 update, hoping to further incorporate international cooperation into important strategic planning for the subsequent development of AI technology and industry.

Main approaches of the US AI industry policy can be further analyzed from “Strategy 5: Develop Shared Public Datasets and Environments for AI Training and Testing,” “Strategy 8: Expand Public-Private Partnerships to Accelerate Advances in AI,” and “Strategy 9: Establish a Principled and Coordinated Approach to International Collaboration in AI Research” of the “National AI Research and Development Strategic Plan: 2023 Update.” After observing, summarizing, and analyzing the contents, it can be summarized into two main approaches: domestic and international.
In terms of its domestic approach, the US focuses on expanding public-private partnerships because it believes that improving the AI model training and deployment environment is an important cornerstone. This is the foundation for effectively linking government, academic research, and industry resources and needs. Therefore, the US has taken a series of measures to democratize data to achieve the goal of improving AI infrastructure. For example, the National Artificial Intelligence Research Resources (NAIRR) Task Force put forward a roadmap for national network infrastructure, and the US Congress also passed the “OPEN Government Data Act.” In addition, lowering the access threshold for these government shared datasets is also a major focus. For example, the STRIDES project (Science and Technology Research Infrastructure for Discovery, Experimentation, and Sustainability) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) is committed to integrating public cloud platforms. Only one login account and password are needed to access different platforms to search for data, which is beneficial for researchers to collaborate on projects and transfer data.
In terms of its foreign approach, the United States actively engages in various bilateral cooperation methods. This is mainly to ensure that the United States can continue to maintain its position as the central hub of the AI R&D ecosystem. Therefore, it needs to continue to actively participate in international partnerships to share infrastructure and data resources. Its specific approach is roughly divided into four aspects: bilateral cooperation to develop Trustworthy AI, formulation of AI system standards and frameworks, exchange and attraction of professional talents, and development of AI to combat global threats.
In summary, the core spirit of US AI policy has always been to ensure that the US maintains its global leadership in the development and application of Trustworthy AI systems. In terms of industrial development approaches, different strategic plans are proposed for domestic and international developments. In addition to continuing to improve the AI shared infrastructure for domestic R&D, the US mainly expands public-private partnerships between industry, government, academia, and research institutes. Internationally, the US is actively expanding bilateral cooperation to form a technology democratization alliance, further extending the concept of resource sharing to alliance partners and creating a mutually beneficial vision.